From Andy's Bookshelf: WinDbg Extension for GDI
The NT Insider, Vol 5, Issue 1, Jan-Feb 1998 | Published: 15-Feb-98| Modified: 31-Oct-02
There’s a lot of snow on the ground, its cold outside and it’s raining. If we went outside today, we’d just get wet. Mom wouldn’t be happy about us coming back in with our snow pants soaked all the way through after ten minutes. And the snow would be mushy, anyway. So, instead, we go upstairs and meander through the Bookshelf. When what to our wondering eyes should appear (sorry, guess the season got the best of me), we find a small, ochre colored (or colored) tome emblazoned with a swirly and flowery script – "The Tale of the Kinda Secret WINDBG Extension for GDI". Well, this has certainly gained a little of our attention, so I remove the book from the shelf, dust it off, and gingerly open it.
We half cover our eyes from the glare of the printed words Not Supported that pulse at us from the opening page. It’s nothing that we haven’t seen before, so we confidently continue. We’re mesmerized by the some of the section titles : "Who’s Who in DC", "What GDI Heard When You Said DrvEnablePDEV", "Partial Exposure – The GDI PDEV", and "The Joy of Fonts".
This unsupported kernel extension, which is supplied with the DDK, has what looks like an abundance of GDI debug helper elves. So, maybe we can peek inside the GDI a little bit and check out what is going on. But we must remember that this extension isn’t really around to help get object information from structures in your DDI (because WINDBG does that for you in the Locals windows), but for the GDI structures. Thus, debugging client problems or debugging a client that makes problems for the DDI is the name of the game here.
So, I boot up my used Banana Jr. 2000 (which is totally unsupported) with a checked build (because I know that this extension will not work properly with a free build) and I coerce WINDBG to start up. I bring up regedt32 just for grins and than bang a bunch of ^C’s in the command window to get WINDBG to pay attention to me.
We break, I load the extension (gdikdx.dll) and then type the always helpful !help command, and we get a list of some of the available commands.
KDx86> !load gdikdx
Debugger extension library [gdikdx] loaded
KDx86> !help
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Free)
=======================================================================
GDIEXTS server debugger extentions:
--------------------------------------------------------------------
- general extensions -
dumphmgr -- handle manager objects
dumpobj [-p pid] [type] -- all objects of specific type
dh [object handle] -- HMGR entry of handle
dht [object handle] -- handle type/uniqueness/index
ddc [DC handle] -- DC obj (ddc -? for more info)
dpdev [PDEV ptr] -- PDEV object (dpdev -? for more info)
dldev [LDEV ptr] – LDEV
dco [CLIPOBJ ptr] – CLIPOBJ
dpo [PATHOBJ ptr] – PATHOBJ
dppal [EPALOBJ ptr] – EPALOBJ
dpbrush [BRUSH ptr] – BRUSH
dpsurf [SURFACE ptr] – SURFACE
dpso [SURFOBJ ptr] -- SURFACE struct from SURFOBJ
dblt [BLTRECORD ptr] – BLTRECORD
dr [REGION ptr] – REGION
cr [REGION ptr] -- check REGION
dddsurface [EDD_SURFACE ptr] -- EDD_SURFACE
dddlocal [EDD_DIRECTDRAW_LOCAL ptr] -- EDD_DIRECTDRAW_LOCAL
ddglobal [EDD_DIRECTDRAW_GLOBAL ptr] -- EDD_DIRECTDRAW_GLOBAL
rgnlog nnn -- last nnn rgnlog entries
stats -- accumulated statistics
hdc HDC [-?gltf]
dcl DCLEVEL*
dca DC_ATTR*
ca COLORADJUSTMENT*
mx MATRIX*
la LINEATTRS*
ef EFLOAT* [count]
mx MATRIX*
- font extensions -
tstats
gs FD_GLYPHSET*
gdata GLYPHDATA*
elf EXTLOGFONTW*
tm TEXTMETRICW*
tmwi TMW_INTERNAL*
helf HFONT
ifi IFIMETRICS*
fo RFONT* [-?axedtrfmoculhw]
pfe PFE*
pff PFF*
pft PFT*
stro STROBJ* [-?pheo]
gb GLYPHBITS* [-?gh]
gdf GLYPHDEF*
gp GLYPHPOS*
cache CACHE*
fh FONTHASH*
hb HASHBUCKET*
pubft -- dumps all PUBLIC fonts
devft -- dumps all DEVICE fonts
dispcache -- dumps glyph cache for display PDEV
client side extensions
clihelp
It looks like there’s lots of neat stuff that can be obtained. But our initial joy is tempered by the footnote that says that the !stats command doesn’t seem to work properly, and the !clihelp is non-existent.
No matter. I start up Explorer and I note that its PID is 0x68. First thing I do, however, is check out a catalog of all of the GDI objects that are currently active, using the !dumphmgr command.
KDx86> !dumphmgr
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
Max handles out so far 339
handles, (objects)
TYPE current maximum allocated LookAside LAB Cur LAB Max
DEF_TYPE 13, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
DC_TYPE 41, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
DD_DRAW_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
DD_SURF_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
RGN_TYPE 25, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
SURF_TYPE 88, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
CLIOBJ_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
PATH_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
PAL_TYPE 7, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
ICMLCS_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
LFONT_TYPE 45, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
RFONT_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
PFE_TYPE 62, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
PFT_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
ICMCXF_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
ICMDLL_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
BRUSH_TYPE 58, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
PFF_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
CACHE_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
SPACE_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
DBRUSH_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
META_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
EFSTATE_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
BMFD_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
VTFD_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
TTFD_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
RC_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
TEMP_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
DRVOBJ_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
DCIOBJ_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
SPOOL_TYPE 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
TOTALS 339, 0 - 0, 0 - 0, 0 - 0 - 0 0
cUnused objects 13
cUnknown objects 0 0
Knowing that the PID for Explorer is 0x68, I can then look at the GDI objects that are associated only with Explorer, using the !dumpobj command.
KDx86> !dumpobj -p 68
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
object list for ALL type objects owned by PID 0x68
I, handle, sCount, pid, pv, objt, unique, Flags, pUser
--------------------------------------------------------------------
88, 3f0a0088, 0, 68, e110c090, LFONT, 3f0a, 0, 00144af0
89, 14010089, 0, 68, e10fbbe0, DC, 1401, 0, 010b0000
ec, 1d0a00ec, 0, 68, e110c780, LFONT, 1d0a, 0, 00144ad8
f2, 10100f2, 0, 68, e10fabc0, DC, 101, 0, 007c0000
f3, 20500f3, 1, 68, e1105400, SURF, 205, 0, 00000000
f4, 11000f4, 0, 68, e1107c60, BRUSH, 110, 0, 007d0000
f5, 10100f5, 0, 68, e10fb120, DC, 101, 0, 007c0190
f6, c0a00f6, 0, 68, e110c530, LFONT, c0a, 0, 00144ae0
f7, b0500f7, 1, 68, e1104be0, SURF, b05, 0, 00000000
f8, 1d0400f8, 0, 68, e1120e88, RGN, 1d04, 0, 007d0060
f9, 60100f9, 0, 68, e10fb680, DC, 601, 0, 007c0e10
fa, 21000fa, 0, 68, e1107d80, BRUSH, 210, 0, 00000000
fb, 30500fb, 0, 68, e1105540, SURF, 305, 0, 00000000
fc, 21000fc, 0, 68, e1107cf0, BRUSH, 210, 0, 00000000
fd, 20500fd, 0, 68, e11055e0, SURF, 205, 0, 00000000
fe, 30100fe, 0, 68, e10fc140, DC, 301, 4, 007c07d0
ff, d0500ff, 0, 68, e1105680, SURF, d05, 0, 00000000
101, ba100101, 0, 68, e1107ca8, BRUSH, ba10, 0, 007d0048
102, 50a0102, 0, 68, e110c9d0, LFONT, 50a, 0, 00144ad0
103, 8050103, 1, 68, e13f0008, SURF, 805, 0, 00000000
104, 3010104, 0, 68, e10fd6c0, DC, 301, 0, 007c04b0
105, 29040105, 0, 68, e1101260, RGN, 2904, 0, 007d0078
107, 1010107, 0, 68, e10fdc20, DC, 101, 0, 007c0640
108, 3010108, 0, 68, e10fc6a0, DC, 301, 4, 007c0320
109, 1010109, 0, 68, e10fe180, DC, 101, 4, 007c0960
10a, 101010a, 0, 68, e10fe6e0, DC, 101, 4, 007c0af0
10b, b60a010b, 0, 68, e110c2e0, LFONT, b60a, 0, 00144ae8
10d, 8d05010d, 1, 68, e13ed008, SURF, 8d05, 0, 00000000
10e, 110010e, 0, 68, e1107dc8, BRUSH, 110, 0, 007d0018
10f, 110010f, 0, 68, e1107e10, BRUSH, 110, 0, 007d0030
110, 6e040110, 0, 68, e11020d0, RGN, 6e04, 0, 007d0090
112, 5f010112, 0, 68, e141c008, DC, 5f01, 4, 010b0190
114, 88050114, 1, 68, e1105720, SURF, 8805, 0, 00000000
117, 20a0117, 0, 68, e110cc20, LFONT, 20a, 0, 00144ac8
118, 4050118, 0, 68, e13e0c88, SURF, 405, 0, 00000000
11b, 80a011b, 0, 68, e110ce70, LFONT, 80a, 0, 00144ac0
11c, 2a10011c, 1, 68, e1107d38, BRUSH, 2a10, 0, 007d00a8
11d, 701011d, 0, 68, e10fd160, DC, 701, 0, 007c0c80
11e, f10011e, 0, 68, e1107ab0, BRUSH, f10, 0, 007d00c0
134, 45050134, 1, 68, e115f6a8, SURF, 4505, 0, 00000000
139, 930a0139, 0, 68, e110ea30, LFONT, 930a, 0, 00144ab0
13a, 4205013a, 1, 68, e1164000, SURF, 4205, 0, 00000000
13b, 130a013b, 0, 68, e110e7e0, LFONT, 130a, 0, 00144ab8
13c, 405013c, 1, 68, e112e708, SURF, 405, 0, 00000000
13d, 20a013d, 0, 68, e110ec80, LFONT, 20a, 0, 00144aa8
13e, 20a013e, 0, 68, e110eed0, LFONT, 20a, 0, 0014eb20
13f, 105013f, 0, 68, e117d8e8, SURF, 105, 0, 00000000
140, 10a0140, 0, 68, e110f120, LFONT, 10a, 0, 0014eb18
141, 1010141, 0, 68, e141e008, DC, 101, 4, 010b04b0
142, 1010142, 0, 68, e141f008, DC, 101, 4, 010b0640
143, 3050143, 1, 68, e1171108, SURF, 305, 0, 00000000
148, 7050148, 1, 68, e1422008, SURF, 705, 0, 00000000
14a, 80a014a, 0, 68, e110f370, LFONT, 80a, 0, 0014eb10
14b, 40a014b, 0, 68, e110f5c0, LFONT, 40a, 0, 0014eb08
Total objects = 54
Choosing a DC at random, we can see its structure. However, note that the !ddc and !hdc commands take the handle to the DC and not the pointer to the data structure.
KDx86> !ddc 1010142
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
--------------------------------------------------
V 2.0 Dump DC 0x1010142:
PidOwner = 0x68
hdc = 0x1010142
pdcattr = 0x010b0640
pdcLevel = 0xe141f3ac(3a4)
psurf = 0x01900010
ppdev = 0xe12b2008
dctype = 0x00000000 = DCTYPE_DIRECT
prgnVis = 0xe11003f0
sizl (-515760120, 64)
erclClip (0, 0), (64, 144)
erclWindow (0, 0), (64, 144)
erclBounds (0, 0), (0, 0)
--------------------------------------------------
KDx86> !hdc 1010142
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
DC
address
-------
[e141f01c] ppdev_ 0xe12b2008
[e141f018] dhpdev_ 0xe12b3008
[e141f024] flGraphicsCaps_ 0x20056c
GCAPS_ALTERNATEFILL
GCAPS_WINDINGFILL
GCAPS_COLOR_DITHER
GCAPS_HORIZSTRIKE
GCAPS_OPAQUERECT
GCAPS_MONO_DITHER
GCAPS_DITHERONREALIZE
[e141f028] hdcNext_ 0
[e141f02c] hdcPrev_ 0
[e141f030] erclClip 0 0 64 144
[e141f040] erclWindow 0 0 64 144
[e141f050] erclBounds_ 0 0 0 0
[e141f060] erclBoundsApp_ 0 0 0 0
[e141f070] prgnAPI_ 0
[e141f074] prgnVis_ 0xe11003f0
[e141f078] prgnRao_ 0
[e141f07c] ipfdDevMax_
[e141f080] ptlFillOrigin 0 0
[e141f088] eboFill_
[e141f0c8] eboLine_
[e141f108] eboText_
[e141f148] eboBackground_
[e141f188] hlfntCur_ 0
[e141f18c] flSimulationFlags_ 0
[e141f190] lEscapement_ 0
[e141f194] prfnt_ 0
[e141f198] pPFFList 0
[e141f19c] co_ !gdikdx.dco e141f19c
[e141f218] pDCAttr 0x10b0640
[e141f21c] dcattr !gdikdx.ca e141f21c
[e141f3ac] dclevel !gdikdx.cl e141f3ac
[e141f550] ulCopyCount_ 144
[e141f554] pSurfInfo 0xffffffff
[e141f558] dctp_ 0 DCTYPE_DIRECT
[e141f55c] fs_ 0x1
DC_DISPLAY
And now, given the inside of the DC, we can get at the GDI pdev.
KDx86> !dpdev -?
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
---------- PDEV dumper ------------
dpdev -abdfhnp ppdev
a - All info (dump everything)
b - Brush info
d - DEVINFO struct
f - Font info
g - GDIINFO struct
h – HELP
j - Printing and journalling info
n - Default patterns
p - Pointer info
r - Drag rect and redraw info
w - DirectDraw info
-----------------------------------
KDx86> !dpdev -a 0xe12b2008
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
Unknown option --------------------------------------------------
pdev = 0xe12b2008
ppdevNext = 0xe129bb68
flags = 0x43
PDEV_DISPLAY
PDEV_POINTER_NEEDS_EXCLUDING
PDEV_GOTFONTS
cPdevRefs = 42
fmPointer = 0x8084fb48
pldev = 0xe12aa968
dhpdev = 0xe12b3008
pSurface = 0xe1104500
ppalSurf = 0xe1106098
peDirectDrawGlobal = 0x0
Pointer stuff:
ptlPointer = (0x140, 0xf0)
rclPointerOffset = [(0x0, 0x0), (0x20, 0x20)]
rclPointer = [(0x140, 0xf0), (0x158, 0x104)]
pfnDrvSetPointerShape = 0xfcd5f9b0
pfnDrvMovePointer = 0xfcd5f940
pfnMovePointer = 0xfcd5f940
pfnSync = 0x0
Font stuff:
hlfntDefault = 0x10a0025
hlfntAnsiVariable = 0x10a0026
hlfntAnsiFixed = 0x10a0027
prfntActive = 0xe1290540
prfntInactive = 0xe12902a0
cInactive = 0x12
Default patterns:
ahsurf[0] = 0x105001f
ahsurf[1] = 0x1050020
ahsurf[2] = 0x1050021
ahsurf[3] = 0x1050022
ahsurf[4] = 0x1050023
ahsurf[5] = 0x1050024
Printing/journalling stuff:
hSpooler = 0x8086f7c0
pDevHTInfo = 0x0
Drag/redraw stuff:
rclDrag = [(0x0, 0x0), (0x0, 0x0)]
rclDragClip = [(0x0, 0x0), (0x0, 0x0)]
rclRedraw = [(0x0, 0x0), (0x0, 0x0)]
ulDragDimension = 0x4
DEVINFO:
flGraphicsCaps = 0x20056c
cFonts = 0x0
iDitherFormat = 0x2
cxDither = 0x8
cyDither = 0x8
hpalDefault = 0x108001e
GDIINFO:
ulVersion = 0x4000
ulTechnology = 0x1
ulHorzSize = 0x4e200 = 320.000 mm
ulVertSize = 0x3a980 = 240.000 mm
ulHorzRes = 0x280 = 640
ulVertRes = 0x1e0 = 480
cBitsPixel = 0x4
cPlanes = 0x1
ulNumColors = 0x10
ulLogPixelsX = 0x60
ulLogPixelsY = 0x60
flRaster = 0x7e99
RC_BITBLT
RC_BITMAP64
RC_GDI20_OUTPUT
RC_DI_BITMAP
RC_DIBTODEV
RC_BIGFONT
RC_STRETCHBLT
RC_FLOODFILL
RC_STRETCHDIB
RC_OP_DX_OUTPUT
flTextCaps = 0x12000
TC_RA_ABLE
TC_SCROLLBLT
ulDACRed = 0x6
ulDACGreen = 0x6
ulDACBlue = 0x6
ulAspectX = 0x24
ulAspectY = 0x24
ulAspectXY = 0x33
xStyleStep = 0x1
yStyleStep = 0x1
denStyleStep = 0x3
ptlPhysOffset = (0x0, 0x0)
szlPhysSize = (0x0, 0x0)
ulNumPalReg = 0x3
ciDevice = 0x1a2c
ulDevicePelsDPI = 0x43
ulPrimaryOrder = 0x4
ulHTPatternSize = 0x3
ulHTOutputFormat = 0x3
flHTFlags = 0x4
HT_FLAG_ADDITIVE_PRIMS
------------------------------
The following are some other interesting structure side trips.
KDx86> !dpsurf e1422008
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
SURFACE structure at 0xe1422008:
--------------------------------------------------
DHSURF dhsurf 0x0
HSURF hsurf 0x7050148
DHPDEV dhpdev 0xe12b3008
HDEV hdev 0xe12b2008
SIZEL sizlBitmap.cx 0x40
SIZEL sizlBitmap.cy 0x90
ULONG cjBits 0x480
PVOID pvBits 0xe1422084
PVOID pvScan0 0xe1422084
LONG lDelta 0x8
ULONG iUniq 0xe
ULONG iBitmapFormat 0x1, BMF_1BPP
USHORT iType 0x0, STYPE_BITMAP
USHORT fjBitmap 0x1
Extension function faulted addr=0x7800ecd0, ec=0xc0000005
KDx86> !dpbrush e1107ab0
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
BRUSH structure at 0xe1107ab0:
--------------------------------------------------
HANDLE hbrush 0xf10011e
ULONG _ulBrushUnique 0x77
ULONG _ulStyle 0x7
HBITMAP _hbmPattern 0x0
HBITMAP _hbmClient 0x0
FLONG _flAttrs 0x80000014
BR_DITHER_OK
BR_IS_SOLID
BOOL _bCacheGrabbed 0x1
COLORREF _crFore 0x0
COLORREF _crBack 0xffffff
ULONG _ulPalTime 0x4
ULONG _ulSurfTime 0x7
ULONG _ulRealization 0xf
PVOID _pBrushattr 0x7d00c0
COLORREF crColor 0xffffff
--------------------------------------------------
KDx86> !dr e1101260
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
hHmgr, 0x29040105
cExLock 0
tid, 0x8079ea20
sizeObj 0xa8
sizeRgn 0x70
cRefs 0
cScans 3
rcl {5 375 70 428}
pscnHead 0xe11012a8
pscnTail 0xe11012d0
Rectangle #0 { 5, 375, 70, 428 }
--------------------
And there just seems to be a wealth of font information available.
KDx86> !helf 40a014b
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
LOGFONTW
address
--------
[e110f5d8] lfHeight -8
[e110f5dc] lfWidth 0
[e110f5e0] lfEscapement 0
[e110f5e4] lfOrientation 0
[e110f5e8] lfWeight 400 = FW_NORMAL
[e110f5ec] lfItalic 0x00
[e110f5ed] lfUnderline 0x01
[e110f5ee] lfStrikeOut 0x00
[e110f5ef] lfCharSet 0x00 = ANSI_CHARSET
[e110f5f0] lfOutPrecision 0x00 = OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS
[e110f5f1] lfClipPrecision 0x00 = CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS
[e110f5f2] lfQuality 0x00 = DEFAULT_QUALITY
[e110f5f3] lfPitchAndFamily 0x00 = DEFAULT_PITCH | FF_DONTCARE
[e110f5f4] lfFaceName "MS Sans Serif"
KDx86> !pubft
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
pfhFamily = 0xe11db8e8
pfhFace = 0xe11fa4e8
cBuckets = 100
cFiles = 33
apPFF[5]
0xe12f88e8 0xe10df6c8 (HDEV)
PFE* IFI*
0xe12fef08 0xe12f5c40 "Script" 37 17
apPFF[7]
0xe1372a68 0xe129b008 (HDEV)
PFE* IFI*
0xe136d3e8 0xe13761d4 "Symbol" 13 5
0xe13729c8 0xe13762e4 "Symbol" 16 6
0xe136a8a8 0xe13763f4 "Symbol" 19 8
0xe136e188 0xe1376504 "Symbol" 21 9
0xe136d348 0xe1376614 "Symbol" 27 12
0xe1372928 0xe1376724 "Symbol" 35 15
0xe1354548 0xe129bb68 (HDEV)
PFE* IFI*
0xe135bba8 0xe135d0f8 "Lucida Sans Unicode" 3147 1003
0xe13222c8 0xe129bb68 (HDEV)
PFE* IFI*
0xe132bd08 0xe132e0f8 "Courier New Bold Italic" 2320 1229
KDx86> !devft
*** Extension DLL(1367 Free) does not match target system(1381 Checked)
pfhFamily = 0
pfhFace = 0
cBuckets = 5
cFiles = 0
So, with a smile, even though there are more pages and commands that might be usable, we close this book on peeking inside the GDI structures. But, we make a mental note of its whereabouts, because it might come in handy if our application friends start having problems with our driver and we decide to give them a hand. We put it back on the shelf, next to the big blue and green book, the one with the singed pages.
Who’s Andy?
The title of this column created some stir among some of the folks here at OSR. Basically, because they thought that this might be some sort of homage to some of the well known Andy’s of the graphics world. But, alas, this column is not written (nor dedicated to) Mr. vanDam nor Mr. Glassner. However, any good graphics geek should know exactly the Andy who’s the owner of this Bookshelf.
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From Andy's Bookshelf: Video Drivers and the Registry
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